Wind Power - are industry critics quoting facts or tilting at windmills?

It has been an eventful year in this sector of thefossil fuel capacity.
renewable energy industry and while generatingThe evidence also shows a mismatch of supply and
capacity is up, solid new evidence suggests thatdemand. High pressure weather systems bring cold
some of the costs of producing electricity using thewinters and hot summers which unfortunately
breeze sometimes mean that wind generation is notcoincide with low wind levels. These meteorological
always unambiguously good. So are industry criticsrealities mean that wind makes its maximum
quoting facts or tilting at windmills?contribution when demand is lowest and its minimum
Capacity in this type of renewable energy increasedcontribution when demand is highest. In 2004, wind
by 11.3 GW in 2005 to reach a total of 59 GW.accounted for 20 percent of total electricity
Germany is the world leader, with 31% of the world'sproduction in Denmark but supplied only 6 percent of
installed capacity, followed by Spain, the USA, Indiaconsumption, because it produced a surplus at
and Denmark.periods of lowest demand. What's more, 84 percent
The big surprise among the five leaders was theof Danish wind-generated electricity was exported to
recovery and surge in wind power production in theNorway, and sold at a loss for Denmark.
USA after years of stagnation. Guaranteed windFurthermore, the Norwegian electricity system uses
power production tax credits, valid for a three yearcarbon free hydro power, so the effect of carbon
period instead of annually as before have justified thereductions realised in power produced by windmills
new investment in renewable energy.was nullified.
Growth is expected to continue. As the leadersAlso, because of this variability in wind, back-up fossil
consolidate and re-power smaller installations withfuel plants must be operated at low load to maintain
larger turbines, the wind power market is nowsystem reliability. There is new evidence that shows
widening and entering a new phase with many newthat switching base load fossil fuel plants on and off
countries entering the market for renewable energyto balance a system produces higher carbon
resources, such as wind.emissions than continuous operation, certainly not a
Studies have given rise to critical concerns challengingsupposed benefit from switching to renewable
some of the claims made for wind power. Badlyenergy sources.
needed evidence is now available after three yearsBecause wind installations tend to be concentrated in
of large scale operation of wind turbines in fiveareas with high wind speeds, regional grids are heavily
countries. In one such country, Ireland, theoverloaded at times of maximum feed-in. Each
government placed a moratorium on wind powercountry studied reported extreme difficulties in
development, although this has been rescinded.balancing the grid. A further 2,700 km of costly high
These studies are the first real evidence showingvoltage transmission lines will be required in Germany
how wind actually works, as opposed to what hasto accommodate new wind capacity.
been claimed, and come from some of the mostIt is clear that wind-generated electricity can only
authoritative voices on energy in the world. Reportswork as part of a generation portfolio. The US
from E.On Netz, the system operator with theDepartment of Energy advocates small local targets
largest wind power feed-in in the world, and Eltra ofwithin states, most recently proposing targets of 100
Denmark, which had the largest percentage windMW in each of the 30 states, rather than the huge
power contribution, show disturbing results.wind parks favoured in Europe.
E.On cites a study from the Deutsche-EnergieI am not relegating wind power to the dustbin, but I
Agentur. The report was sponsored by the Germando believe that this evidence goes to show how
government and all sides of the industry. Amongessential proper analysis is needed to establish what
bombshells contained inside, the study suggests thatrenewable energy can and cannot deliver and how it
while wind power capacity will reach 48 GW by 2020must be accommodated within a total electricity
in Germany, the source is so intermittent andgeneration system.
unreliable that it is equivalent to only 2 GW of stable